The
Anglo-Zulu War
Effects
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| GRADE LEVEL | SECTION | SUB-SECTION | DURATION |
| 8 | SOUTH AFRICAN HISTORY | RESISTING BRITISH CONTROL | 5 LESSONS |
The
Anglo-Zulu War |
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Loss of life The
Anglo-Zulu War cost the British tax payers a huge amount of mony led
and to the death of many Zulu and British soldiers. More than 9 000
Zulu warriors
died,
while
the
British
forces
suffered
much smaller losses.In destroying Zulu independence the war led indirectly
to the downfall of the once-proud Zulu nation.It also saddled Natal
with a large war debt. Cetshwayo’s exile and eventual death When the British defeated the Zulu at Ulundi many chiefs surrendered. Cetshwayo fled and was pursued by Sir Garnet Wolseley, who was the commander of the British army in South Africa after Lord Chelmsford and the new high commissioner in the region. Cetshwayo was captured on 27 August 1879 and exiled to Cape Town. After a visit to England to see Queen Victoria, the British decided to reinstate Cetshwayo as king of the Zulus in 1882, but in 1883 he was attacked by an opposing chief, Usibepu, and fled. He died shortly after that in February 1884. The division of Zululand and blood feuds between the new chiefs After the war, Zululand was divided into 13 region under the supervision of among 11 Zulu chiefs, 2 Basuto and Hlubi chiefs, who had served the British, and John Dunn, a former friend of Cetshwayo. It still took months to stop all Zulu resistance. A British resident was put in place to be the communication channel between the British and the Zulu chiefs. This arrangement was not successful because the chiefs started fighting among themselves. Usibepu or Zibebu and Hamu came into conflict with the Usutu, who were Cetshwayo’s supporters. There was a lot of bloodshed and the British government decided to make Cetshwayo the king again in 1882. When Cetshwayo returned to Ulundi, Usibepu owned his land. The land that had been given to John Dunn and the Basuto chief lay between the Tugela and Umhlatuzi Rivers and was made available to Zulus who did not want to serve Cetshwayo. Usibepu attacked Ulundi because he was unhappy that his territory was being taken away. He destroyed the city and Cetshwayo fled to the reserved area owned by John Dunn and the Basuto chief. He died in February 1884. The annexation of Zululand to Natal In 1887 Zululand was annexed to Natal, which means that it became part of the British colony. Britain had expanded its control in South Africa even more, and now it bordered on the independent Boer republics of the Orange Free State and the Transvaal. The Transvaal had regained its independence in the First Anglo-Boer War of 1880-1881 and now the British army had easier access to the Transvaal where gold had just been discoverd. Learning Outcome: Recognises that effects of events vary in importance: Interprets graphical source (Map): Uses sources.
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Activity