3. Glossary - Terms Q to Z

Reel Seat

The mechanism that holds the reel to the rod, usually using locking metal rings or sliding bands.

Retrieve

Bringing the fly back towards the caster after the cast is made; can be done in a variety of ways; important points of retrieving are to keep the rod tip low and pointed straight down the line.

Roll Cast

One of the three most basic fly casts; allows a cast to be made without a back cast; essential for use with sinking lines, to bring the line to the surface so it may be picked up and cast in a normal manner.

Running Line

A thin line attached to the back of a shooting taper (shooting head) line. May be 20 to 30 pound monofilament, braided nylon, narrow floating or sinking line, or other material. Usually 100 feet in length, it allows the fly fisher to quickly change the type of line being used by interchanging only the head section.

S Cast

A cast used to put deliberate and controlled slack into a cast; used in getting a drag free float and in conjunction with mending line (see drag, dead drift, mending line).

Saddle

Feathers from the back of the chicken which are longer and have thinner stems. Best choice for most dry flies.

Saltwater Taper

A weight forward fly line that is similar to a bass bug taper (see weight forward and bass bug taper).

Scud

Term used for freshwater shrimp.

Setting the Hook

The act of pulling the hook into the flesh of the fish's mouth. The amount of effort needed to do this varies with the size of hook, type of fish, and breaking strength of leader; most people strike too hard on trout and warm water fish and not hard enough on salmon and saltwater fish.

Shooting Head

See Shooting Taper

Shooting Taper (ST)

A short single tapered fly line, 30-38 feet long; shooting heads are designed for longest casts with minimum effort; shooting heads allow quick change of line types (floating, sinking, sink-tip, etc.)by quickly interchanging head sections; shooting heads are most commonly used with salmon, steelhead, saltwater, and shad fishing, though they can be used in all types of fly fishing.

Sink Rate

The speed at which a sinking fly line sinks; there are at least 6 different sink rates for fly lines, from very slow to extremely fast.

Sinkant

A liquid applied to flies to make them sink.

Sinking Fly Line (S)

A fly line in which the entire length of the line sinks beneath the surface of the water. Can be found with different sink rates for different fishing styles.

Sink-Tip Fly Line (F/S)

A floating fly line where the tip portion sinks; available in 4 foot, 10 foot, 12 foot, 15 foot, 20 foot, 24 foot, and 30 foot sinking tips; the 10 foot sink-tips are most commonly used and are practical in many applications; sink-tip lines are useful in all types of fly fishing, but especially in wet fly or streamer fishing.

Spinner

The egg laying stage of the mayfly; overall not as important to the fly fisher as the dun stage; (see mayfly and dun).

Spool

The part of the fly reel that revolves and which holds the backing and the fly line; may be purchased separately.

Stonefly

A very important aquatic insect; nymph lives for one to three years, depending on species; most species hatch out by crawling to the shoreline and emerging from its nymphal case above the surface, thus adults are available to trout only along shoreline and around midstream obstructions; adult has two pair of wings which are folded flat along its back when at rest; stoneflies require a rocky bottomed stream with very good water quality.

Streamer

A fly tied to imitate the various species of baitfish upon which game fish feed; usually tied using feathers for the wing, but can be tied with hair and/or feathers; tied in all sizes (see bucktail).

Surgeon's Knot

An excellent knot used to tie two lengths of monofilamont together; the lines may be of dissimilar diameters.

Tapered Leader

A leader made of monofilament and used for fly fishing; the back or butt section of the leader is of a diameter nearly as large as the fly line, then becomes progressively smaller in diameter as you approach the tip end (see knotless tapered leader, knotted leader, and tippet).

Terrestrial

Term used to describe land-based insects which are often food for fish.

Tight Loop

Same as narrow loop (see "narrow loop").

Tinsel

A metallic filiment used in fly tying to provide flash and color.

Tippet

The end section of a tapered leader; the smallest diameter section of a tapered leader; the fly is tied onto the tippet.

Trailing Shuck

A section of synthetic yarn tied to the back of a fly to imitate a case bieng shed from an emerging insect.

Turn Over

Describe how the fly line and leader straighten out at the completion of the cast.

Unloading the Rod

Unbending the rod. Transfering the casting energy from the rod back into the fly line.

Vest

A fly fisher's wearable tackle box; numerous styles available; particularly important in wading situations.

Vise

The tool used to hold a hook in place while tying the fly.

Waders

Protective outer clothing used to keep the fisherman dry when standing or float-tubing in water. Typically made of neoprene, nylon, or a Goretex-like material. Can be insulated to supply warmth.

Wading Shoes

Wading Shoes - shoes built specifically to be worn over stocking foot waders; can be made of leather, nylon or other synthetic materials.

Weight Forward (WF)

An easy casting fly line because it carries most of its weight in the forward section of the line; instead of a level middle section, like a double taper, it quickly tapers down to a fine diameter running line which shoots through the guides with less resistance for added distance; the most versatile fly line.

Wet Fly

(1) any fly fished below the surface of the water; nymphs and streamers are wet flies (2) a traditional style of fly tied with soft, swept back hackle, and a backward sweeping wing; the forerunner of the nymph and streamer.

Wet Fly Swing

A typical presentation method for fishing a wet fly. Cast the fly downstream and across, and then swim it across the current. Commonly used to imitate swimming mayflies, emerging caddis, and small fish.

Whip Finish

A knot used to tie off the thread when finishing a fly.

Whip Finishing Tool

A tool designed to make whip finishing quick and easy.

Wind Knot

An overhand knot put in the leader by poor casting, greatly reducing the breaking strength of the leader

X

X - archaic measurement used to designate diameter of leader material used in conjunction with a numeral, as in "4X". To determine the actual diameter of "4X" or any "X" number, subtract the numeral from the number 11 (eleven). The result is the diameter in thousandths of an inch. For example, to find the diameter of 4X material, subtract 4 from 11 (11 - 4 = 7) thus the diameter is .007". *Note* diameter does not always correspond to breaking strength.

Zinger

A retractable string clip used to connect tools to ones fly vest.

Z-Lon

Trade name for a synthetic yarn used in making carpeting. Can be used for many purposes in fly tying such as nymph bodies, spent wings, and trailing shucks

 

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